Evaluate the effectiveness of automated vulnerability scanners versus manual testing techniques.

Automated vulnerability scanners excel at quickly identifying known vulnerabilities across large infrastructures, providing consistent and repeatable results. However, they may produce false positives and miss complex logic flaws or business-specific vulnerabilities. Manual testing provides deeper analysis, identifies complex attack chains, and finds unique vulnerabilities that automated tools miss. The most effective approach combines both: automated scanning for broad coverage and efficiency, followed by manual testing for depth and validation of critical findings.