Explain generics in TypeScript with examples.

Generics allow creating reusable components that work with multiple types while maintaining type safety. Basic Generic Function: function identity(arg: T): T { return arg; } let output = identity('Hello'); let numberOutput = identity(42); Generic Interface: interface GenericIdentityFn { (arg: T): T; } function identity(arg: T): T { return arg; } let myIdentity: GenericIdentityFn = identity; Generic Classes: class GenericNumber { zeroValue: T; add: (x: T, y: T) => T; } let myGenericNumber = new GenericNumber(); myGenericNumber.zeroValue = 0; myGenericNumber.add = function(x, y) { return x + y; }; Benefits: • Type safety without losing flexibility • Code reusability across different types • Better IntelliSense and error detection • Compile-time type checking.