Explain type assertions and type switches.

Type Assertions and Type Switches: • Type assertion extracts interface's underlying value • Type switch tests interface against multiple types • Used with interface{} and other interfaces • Can panic if assertion fails Type Assertion: var i interface{} = "hello" s := i.(string) // panics if not string s, ok := i.(string) // safe version Type Switch: switch v := i.(type) { case string: fmt.Println("String:", v) case int: fmt.Println("Int:", v) default: fmt.Println("Unknown type") }