Explain Kotlin scope functions (let, run, with, apply, also) and when to use each.

Scope functions execute code blocks within object context with different return values and context references.\n\n**let** - Returns lambda result, context as "it":\n\nval result = person?.let {\n println("Name: ${it.name}")\n it.age * 2\n} // Returns age * 2 or null\n\n// Use case: null safety and transformations\nval length = text?.let { it.trim().length }\n\n\n**run** - Returns lambda result, context as "this":\n\nval result = person.run {\n println("Name: $name") // direct access\n age * 2\n} // Returns age * 2\n\n// Use case: object configuration and computation\nval result = service.run {\n configure()\n execute()\n}\n\n\n**apply** - Returns context object, context as "this":\n\nval person = Person().apply {\n name = "John"\n age = 30\n email = "john@example.com"\n} // Returns configured Person object\n\n// Use case: object initialization\nval intent = Intent().apply {\n action = Intent.ACTION_VIEW\n data = Uri.parse(url)\n}\n\n\n**also** - Returns context object, context as "it":\n\nval person = Person("John", 30).also {\n println("Created person: ${it.name}")\n logger.log("Person created")\n} // Returns original Person object\n\n// Use case: additional actions without changing object\n\n\n**with** - Non-extension function, returns lambda result:\n\nval result = with(person) {\n println("Name: $name")\n age * 2\n} // Returns age * 2\n\n// Use case: multiple operations on object\nwith(canvas) {\n drawCircle(x, y, radius)\n drawText(text, x, y)\n}\n\n\n**Selection guide:**\n• **let**: null safety, transformations\n• **run**: object configuration + computation\n• **apply**: object initialization\n• **also**: additional actions, logging\n• **with**: multiple operations on non-null object