Explain MySQL replication and its types.

MySQL replication copies data from master to slave servers for backup and load distribution.

Types:
• Master-Slave: One master, multiple slaves (read-only)
• Master-Master: Multiple masters (bidirectional)
• Statement-based: Replicates SQL statements
• Row-based: Replicates actual data changes
• Mixed: Combines both approaches

Configuration:
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog-format=ROW