How do you optimize Docker images for production?

Docker image optimization strategies: 1) Use minimal base images: FROM alpine:3.14 (5MB) instead of ubuntu (72MB), or distroless images, 2) Multi-stage builds to separate build and runtime dependencies, 3) Optimize layers: Combine commands with && and clean up in same layer, Order by change frequency, 4) Use .dockerignore: node_modules, .git, *.md, .env, 5) Remove unnecessary files: apt-get remove build tools after installation, 6) Use specific tags: FROM node:16.14.2-alpine not node:latest. Results: Image size reduction from 1GB to 50MB is common.